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Productive qualities of piglets using mixed fodder which contains threonine
According to the results of previously conducted researches we can state that the use of essential amino acid of threonine, in the amount of 6.5 g per 1 kg of complete mixed fodder is one of the directions to improve feed production recipes for piglets with a live weight of 12–20 kg and to provide complete nutrition of animals aged from 41 to 60 days.
Threonine’s introduction into complete mixed fodder (for piglets with a live weight of 12–20 kg when the minimum rate of Calcium and Phosphorus concentrations had been determined previously) helps to increase live weight of piglets aged from 41 to 60 days from 12 to 20 kg at the average daily gain – 400 g and feed conversion of mixed fodder per1 kg of piglets gain – 1.9 kg.
The objective of the research was studying the productive qualities of piglets aged from 61 to 90 days using complete mixed fodder which contains threonine.
Common zootechnical and analytical methods of research were used.
Piglets aged from 61 to 90 days were fed with complete mixed fodder for animals with a live weight of 20–40 kg and it contained a minimum rate of Calcium and Phosphorus concentrations and the rate of threonine’s content was determined according to the recommended optimal balance of essential amino acids in pigs diets, % to lysine.
1 kg of impelled mixed fodder for piglets with a live weight of 20–40 kg contains 13.5 MJ of metabolized energy, 860 g of dry matter, not less than 170 g of raw protein, 8 g of lysine, 5.5 g of methionine + cystine, 1.8 g of tryptophan, 6 g of threonine, not more than 50 g of raw fiber and 5 g of salt, not less than 7 g of Calcium and 5 g of Phosphorus.
Mixed fodder for piglets with a live weight of 20–40 kg is well balanced according to the content of normalized micro elements and vitamins and includes enzymes, antioxidant and adsorbent.
Complete mixed fodder for piglets with a live weight of 20–40 kg with a minimum rate of Calcium and Phosphorus concentrations and threonine’s content, was made from milled cereals (wheat, barley, corn) – 80 %, soybean meal – 10 % and specially developed protein-vitamin and mineral supplements – 10 %.
1 kg of 10 % protein-vitamin-mineral supplement for piglets with a live weight of 20–40 kg contains not less than10 MJ of metabolized energy, 900 g of dry matter, 290 g of raw protein, 32 g of lysine, 13 g of methionine + cystine, 5 g of tryptophan, 21 g of threonine, not more than 55 g of raw fiber and 50 g of salt, not less than 64 g of Calcium and 18 g of Phosphorus.
The raw material for the production of protein-vitamin-mineral supplement for piglets with a live weight of 20–40 kg is soya cake, synthetic lysine, methionine and threonine, salt, feed limestone, monocalcium phosphate and grower premix (0.5 %) which contains minerals, vitamins, enzymes, antioxidant and adsorbent in its composition.
Piglets’ feeding aged from 61 to 90 days was differentiated into three age periods – from 61 to 70 days, from 71 to 80 and from 81 to 90 days. In the first age period piglets were fed with 1.0 kg of complete mixed fodder per day, in the second – 1.4 kg and in the third age period – 1.8 kg of complete mixed fodder per day. The costs of complete mixed fodder during the period of feeding piglets aged from 61 to 90 days are 42 kg.
It was determined that the use of complete mixed fodder for piglets with a live weight of 20–40 kg which contains a minimal rate of Calcium and Phosphorus concentrations and threonine, provides to increase the live weight of pigs aged from 61 to 90 days, up to 40 kg at the average daily gain – 670 kg and at feed conversion of 2.1 kg per 1 kg of pigs gain, while using SSTU 4124-2002 these indices are 18.5 kg, 35.5 kg, 570 g, 2.5 kg respectively.
The use of complete mixed fodder for piglets with a live weight of 20–40 kg, with a minimal rate of Calcium and Phosphorus concentrations and threonine content, has a positive effect on productive qualities of piglets aged from 61 to 90 days and provides high efficiency of mixed fodder use, so it helps to optimize amino acid nutrition of piglets and it is one of significant indicators to the quality of complete mixed fodder and it is a reliable basis for the improvement of feed recipes production using in different ages and productive groups of pigs.
Key words: piglets’ feeding, complete feed, BVMA, lysine, methionine, tryptophan, threonine, Calcium, Phosphorus, feed conversion.
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