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Impact of feeding intensity levels on productivity and duration of the finishing period in young bulls
The paper presents a comprehensive study aimed at increasing the efficiency of beef cattle farming through the implementation of intensive feeding methods. The relevance of the study is driven by the need to shorten the beef production cycle and opti mize feed resource expenditures under modern economic conditions. The author scientifi cally substanti ates and practically confirms the advantages of using total mixed rations (TMR) based on preserved feeds, which allow for the maximum realization of the genetic potential for meat productivity in young cattle. The research methodology is based on a comparative analysis of three differentiated feeding models that varied in component structure and energy concentration levels. A key aspect of ration optimization was increasing the proportion of corn silage and introducing energy supplementation in the form of feed molasses. This facilitated achieving a high level of metabolizable energy concentration-10.91 MJ per 1 kg of dry matter-which was identified as a critical factor for stimulating intensive animal growth. As a result of the experiments, it was established that the intensive feeding regimen ensures average daily gains of 1017 g. This exceeds the performance of the moderate rearing group by 60.1%. The application of the developed technology allows young bulls to reach a live weight of 466.5 kg by 18 months of age. A signifi cant technological achievement is the reduction of the total fattening cycle by 120 days, which contributes to the acceleration of working capital turnover and enhances the overall profi tability of production without compromising product quality. Particular attention is paid to the economic and biological analysis of feed conversion. It is proven that under intensive technology, specific costs per 1 kg of gain amount to 9.38 feed units, which is 22.8% less compared to traditional methods. Due to the faster attainment of slaughter weight, total energy consumption throughout the entire rearing period is reduced by 26.1%. The data obtained confirm that transitioning to intensive rations with a precisely balanced composition is a biologically justifi ed and strategically expedient step for the development of modern livestock enterprises.
Keywords: young bulls, intensive technology, average daily gains, live weight, metabolizable energy, dry matter, corn silage, feed molasses, feed con version, feeding rations.
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3145-3689