You are here

Influence of different diets and sorbents on the accumulation of Cd in the muscle tissue of young cattle and pigs

The article, based on scientific research, examines an important problematic issue regarding the quality and safety of beef and pork during their production in the Polissia zone of Ukraine, affected by the Chornobyl accident. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the effect of different diets and saponite sorbent on the level of Cd accumulation in the muscle tissue of young bulls and pigs kept in the territory belonging to the third zone of radioactive contamination. Two scientific and economic experiments were conducted. When growing Ukrainian black and white dairy young bulls, the influence of different silages (4-component cereal-bean mixture and Echinоchloa frumentаcea silage) on the content of Cd in the longest back muscle was studied (experiment 1), and optimization of the protein nutrition of animals was carried out at the expense of various feeds with a high protein content (narrow-leaved lupine and fodder beans) (experiment 2). In the third experiment, young pigs were fed various amounts of the natural mineral saponite as part of their diet, and its influence on the ecological quality of products was studied. Since different types and amounts of feed components were used when feeding the animals of the studied groups, it was necessary to balance the rations according to the content of nutrients for each of the presented groups. Regulation and verification of the nutritional value of the rationed feed was carried out monthly. When changing rations for animals, their growth, live weight, zootechnical analysis of feed, their nutritional value and feeding rates were taken into account. Sample preparation of fodder and muscles was carried out according to GSTU 7670:2014 with the help of dry mineralization, the concentration of the toxicant was determined by the atomic absorption method. The transition coefficient of Cd in the chain «diet – muscle tissue» in this study is within the established standards. At the same time, feeding by Echinоchloa frumentаcea silage contributed to a decrease in the coefficient of transition of Cd into the muscle tissue of young bulls by 0.68 % (absolute). The introduction of 30 % (by mass) of fodder beans into the grain mixture instead of a similar amount of lupine for young cattle (cattle) for fattening in the territory of radioactive contamination (the third zone) contributed to a significantly lower accumulation and transition of Cd into the muscle tissue of animals – on 25.0 % and 0.71 % (absolute), respectively. The inclusion of the natural sorbent mineral saponite in the amount of 3–7 % by mass of concentrated feed in the diet of growing and fattening pigs contributed to a reduction of Cd in the longest muscle of the back by 21.8– 37.9%, while at the same time it was better in terms of the sorption efficiency for excretion of Cd, which turned out to be a saponite dose of 7 %.

Key words: young bulls, pigs, nutrition, different diets, saponite, accumulation of Cd.

 

  1. Landin, V., Chobotko, G., Kuchma, M., Raychuk, L., (2017). Podolannia naslidkiv chornobylskoi katastrofy v ahrosferi Ukrainy [Overcoming the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster in the agricultural sector of Ukraine]. Ahroekolohichnyi zhurnal [Agroecological journal], no. 2, pp. 67–75. DOI:10.33730/2077-4893.2.2017. (in Ukrainian).
  2. Romanchuk, L. D., Herasymchuk, L. O., Kovalyova, S. P., Kovalchuk, Yu. V., Lopatyuk, O. V., (2019). Quality of life of the population resident at the radioactively contaminated area in Zhytomyr Region. Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, Vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 478– 485. DOI:10.15421/2019_778•Corpus ID:210900064.
  3. Dubinina, A. A., Maliuk, L. P., Seliutina, H. A., Letuta, T. M., Shcherbakova, T. V. (2016). Toksychni rechovyny v harchovyh produktah i metody i'h vyznachennja: navch. posibnyk u strukturno-logichnyh shemah [Toxic substances in food products and methods of their determination: education. a guide to structural and logical schemes]. Kharkiv: Kharkiv State University of Food Technology and Trade, 106 p. (in Ukranian).
  4. Peng, L., Huang, Y., Zhang, J., Peng, Y., Lin, X., Wu, K., Hu, X., (2015). Cadmium exposure and the risk of breast cancer in Chaoshan population of southeast China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Vol. 22, no. 24, pp. 19870–19878. DOI:10.1007/s11356-015-5212-1.
  5. Dukhnytskyi, V. B., Khmelnytskyi, H. O., Boiko, H. V., Ishchenko, V. D. (2022). Veterynarna mikotoksykolohiia [Veterinary Mycotoxicology]. К.: Publishing Center of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 413 p. (in Ukranian).
  6. Peng, L., Wang, X., Huo, X., Xu, X., Lin, K., Zhang, J., Huang, Y., Wu, K. (2015). Blood cadmium burden and the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a case-control study in Chinese Chaoshan population. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. Vol. 22, no. 16, pp. 12323–12331. DOI:10.1007/s11356-015-4533-4.
  7. Martyshuk, T. V., Gutyi, B. V., Vishchur, O. I., Todoriuk, V. B., (2019). Biochemical indices of piglets blood under the action of feedadditive «Butaselmevit-plus». Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 27–30. DOI:10.32718/ujvas2-2.06.
  8. Zinko, H. (2017). Immune status of calves sick with gastroenteritis. Scientific Messenger of Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies. Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 19, no. 82, pp. 61–65. DOI:10.15421/nvlvet8213.
  9. Lavryshyn, Y. Y., Gutyj, B. V. (2019). Levels of vitamins in blood of young bulls by experimental chronic cardium toxicosis. Scientific and Technical Bulletin оf State Scientific Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medical Products and Fodder Additives аnd Institute of Animal Biology, Issue 20, no. 2, pp. 317–323. DOI:10.36359/scivp.2019-20-2.41.
  10. Lavryshyn, Y., Gutyj, B., Palyadichuk, O., Vishchur, V., (2018). Morphological blood indices of bulls in experimental chronic cadmium toxicosis. Scientific Messenger of Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies. Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 20, no. 88, pp. 108–114. DOI:10.32718/ nvlvet8820.
  11. Lavryshyn, Y., Gutyj, B., Paziuk, I., Levkivska, N., Romanovych, M., Drach, M., Lisnyak, O., (2019). The effect of cadmium loading on the activity of the enzyme link of the glutathione system of bull organism. Scientific Messenger of Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies. Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 21, no. 95, pp. 107–111. DOI:10.32718/nvlvet9520.
  12. Gutyj, B., Stybel, V., Darmohray, L., Lavryshyn, Y., Turko, I., Hachak, Y., Shcherbatyy, A., Bushueva, I., Parchenko, V., Kaplaushenko, A., Krushelnytska, O. (2017). Prooxidant-antioxidant balance in the organism of bulls (young cattle) after using cadmium load. Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, Vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 589–596. DOI:10.15421/2017_165.
  13. Ostapyuk, A. Y., Gutyj, B. V., (2020). Influence of milk thistle, methifene and sylimevit on the morphological parameters of laying hens in experimental chronic cadmium toxicosis. Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, Vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 42–46. DOI:10.32718/ujvas3-1.08.
  14. Lavryshyn, Y. Y., Gutyj, B. V. (2020). Imunnyj status organizmu bugajciv za umovy eksperymental'nogo hronichnogo kadmijevogo toksykozu [Immune status ob bull calves’ organism in case of experimental chronic cadmium toxicosis]. Scientific Progress & Innovations, no. 2, pp. 244–251. DOI:10.31210/ visnyk2020.02.31 (in Ukranian).
  15. Lavryshyn, Y., Gutyj, B., (2019). Protei'nsyntezuval'na funkcija pechinky bugajciv za eksperymental'nogo hronichnogo kadmijevogo toksykozu [Protein synthesize function of bulls liver at experimental chronic cadmium toxicity]. Naukovyj visnyk LNUVMB imeni S.Z. Gzhyc'kogo [Scientific Bulletin of the LNUVMB named after S.Z. Gzytsky]. Veterynarni nauky [Veterinary Sciences], Vol. 21, no. 94, pp. 92–96. DOI:10.32718/nvlvet9417. (in Ukranian).
  16. Mamenko, O., Portiannik, S., (2019). Vplyv typiv godivli koriv na vmist vazhkyh metaliv u moloci [Influence of feeding types of cows on the content of heavy metals in milk]. Naukovyj visnyk LNUVMB imeni S.Z. Gzhyc'kogo [Scientific Bulletin of the LNUVMB named after S.Z. Gzytsky]. Sil's'kogospodars'ki nauky [Agricultural Sciences], Vol. 21, no. 90, pp. 37– 48. DOI:10.32718/nvlvet-a9007. (in Ukranian).
  17. Butsjak, A. A., Butsjak V. I. (2014). Mihratsiia vazhkykh metaliv u systemi «hrunt-roslyna-korm» u lokalnii zoni tekhnohennoho navantazhennia [Migration of heavy metals in the soil-plant-food system in the local zone of technogenic load]. Journal Agrobiology and Environmentology, Vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 74–79. (in Ukranian).
  18. Burlaka, V., Lavrenyuk, O. (2016). Accumulative heavy metals in internal organs of pigs with inclusion of sorbents in conditions of the long duration of their receipt. Biodiversity after the Chernobyl accident. Nitra: Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Part II, pp. 34–40.
  19. Heina, M., Moscatelli, A., Onelli, E., Baldi, A., Pilu, S., Rossi, L., (2019). Evaluation of concentration of heavy metals in animal rearing system. Italian Journal of Animal Science, Vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 1372–1384. DOI:10.1080/ 1828051Х.2019.1642806.
  20. Zhukovsky, O. M., Semenov, S. O., Semenov, I. S. (2018). Vplyv vazhkykh metaliv u ratsionakh na riven yikh nakopychennia v orhanakh i tkanynakh zabiinykh svynei, produktyvnist ta ekskretsiiu amiachnoho azotu [The influence of heavy metals in diets on the level of their accumulation in the organs and tissues of slaughter pigs, productivity and excretion of ammonia nitrogen]. Visnyk ahrarnoi nauky [Herald of Agrarian Science], no. 12, pp. 40–45. DOI:10.31073/ agrovisnyk201812-06. (in Ukranian).
  21. Roggeman, S., De Boeck, G., De Cock, H., Blust, R., Bervoets, L., (2014). Accumulation and detoxification of metals and arsenic in tissues of cattle (Bos Taurus), and the risks for human consumption. Science of The Total Environment, Vol. (466-467), no. 1, pp. 175–184. DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07/007.
  22. Hashemi, S., (2018). Heavy metal concentrations in bovine tissues (muscle, liver and kidney) and their relationship with heavy metal contents in consumed feed. Ecotoxicokogy and Environmental Safety, Vol. 154, no. 15, pp. 263–267. DOI:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.02.058.
  23. Ibatullin, I. I., Zhukorskyi, O. M. (2017). Metodolohiia ta orhanizatsiia naukovykh doslidzhen u tvarynnytstvi [Methodology and organization of scientific research in animal husbandry]. Kyiv, Agrarian Science, 238 p. (in Ukrainian).
  24. Ibatullina, I. I., Zhukors'kogo, O. M. (2016). Dovidnyk z povnocinnoi' godivli sil's'kogospodars'kyh tvaryn [Handbook on complete feeding of farm animals/ by science. ed. I. Ibatullin and O. M. Zhukorskyi]. Kyiv: Agrarian Science, 336 p. (in Ukrainian).
  25. DSTU 7670:2014. Syrovyna i produkty harchovi. Gotuvannja prob. Mineralizacija dlja vyznachennja vmistu toksychnyh elementiv. [Chynnyj vid 2015- 07-01] [DSTU 7670:2014. Raw materials and food products. Preparation of samples. Mineralization to determine the content of toxic elements. [Effective from 2015-07-01]]. Kind. officer Kyiv: Ministry of Economic Development of Ukraine, 2015, 18 p. (in Ukrainian).
  26. GOST 30178-96. Syrovyna i produkty harchovi. Atomno-absorbcijnyj metod vyznachennja toksychnyh elementiv. [Chynnyj vid 2002-01-01] [GOST 30178-96. Raw materials and food products. Atomic absorption method for determination of toxic elements. [Effective from 2002-01-01]]. 19 p. Available at:http://online.budstandart.com/ua/catalog/docpage?id_doc=76401. (in Ukrainian).
  27. Jevropejs'ka konvencija pro zahyst hrebetnyh tvaryn, shho vykorystovujut'sja dlja doslidnyh ta inshyh naukovyh cilej: konvencija. Mizhnarodnyj dokument vid 18.03.1986. [European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals Used for Research and Other Scientific Purposes: Convention. International document dated March 18, 1986]. Baza danyh «Zakonodavstvo Ukrai'ny» Rada Jevropy. [Database "Legislation of Ukraine". Council of Europe]. Available at:http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/ laws/show/994_137. (in Ukrainian).
  28. Okereafor, U., Makhatha, M., Mekuto, L., Uche-Okereafor, N., Sebola, T., Mavumengwana, V. (2020). Toxic metal implications on agricultural soils, plants, animals, aquatic life and human health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 17, no. 7, 2204 p. DOI:10.3390/ ijerph17072204.
  29. Pro zatverdzhennia Derzhavnykh hihiienichnykh pravyl i norm «Rehlament maksymalnykh rivniv okremykh zabrudniuiuchykh rechovyn u kharchovykh produktakh»: nakaz Ministerstva okhorony zdorovia Ukrainy vid 13.05.2013 r. №368 [On the Approval of the State Hygienic Rules and Norms Regulation of Maximum Levels of Certain Pollutants in Food Products: Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 368 from 13th May 2013]. Baza danyh «Zakonodavstvo Ukrai'ny» [Database "Legislation of Ukraine"]. Available at:https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/z0774-13#Text. (in Ukrainian).
  30. Savchenko, Yu. I., Savchuk, I. M., Savchenko, M. G., Karpyuk, N. A. (2017). Radioekologichna ocinka racioniv pry vyrobnyctvi jalovychyny: monografija [Radioecological assessment of rations in beef production: monograph]. Zhytomyr: PP "Ruta", 160 p. (in Ukrainian).
  31. Savchuk, I., Skydan, O., Stepanenko, V., Kryvyi, M., Kovaleva, S. (2021). Safety of livestock products of bulls on various diets during fattening in the conditions of radioactive contamination. Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems, Vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 86–91. DOI:10.15421/022113.
  32. Subramaniam, M. D, Kim, I. H. (2015). Clays as dietary supplements for swine: a review. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Vol. 6, no. 1, 38 p. DOI:10.1186/s40104-015-0037-9.
  33. Baturevich, О. О., (2019). Efektyvnist' vykorystannja mineraliv pryrodnogo pohodzhennja v racioni samyc' koropa [The effectiveness of using natural minerals in the diet of female carp]. Visnyk Poltavs'koi' derzhavnoi' agrarnoi' akademii' [Bulletin of Poltava State Agrarian Academy], no. 3, pp. 132–138. DOI:10.31210/visnyk2019.03.17. (in Ukrainian).
  34. Ogorodova, L., Kiseleva, I., Melchakova, L., Vigasina, M., Krupskaya, V., Sudin, V. (2015). Calorimetric determination of the enthalpy of formation of natural saponite. Geochemistry International, Vol. 53, pp. 617–623. DOI:10.1134/S0016702915070071.
AttachmentSize
PDF icon savchuk_2_2023.pdf613.41 KB