You are here
The effect of thermal stress on the productivity of broiler chicken
The influence of solutions dispensing such as ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and potassium chloride (KCl) on the reduction of the thermal stress effect during the chicken broilers feeding is investigated.The research was carried out in the setting of a farm with chicken-production stock of 13940 heads of broiler chickens – the cros of Ross-308. The period is from 22 to 49 days of cultivation.The normative introduction of preparations was provided by means of a capacity, dispenser and systems of water supply with nipple drums.With the current ventilation system from the 4th week and until of therising, the temperature indicators in the rooms increased, especially in the second half of the day, at 7–9 ° C. The humidity was lower by 10–15 % of the normative characteristics, that led to oppression of chickens’ physiological state. It was established the positive effect of giving a solution of potassium chloride (KCl) in a dose of 0.1 % per liter and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in a dose of 0.08 % per liter of water on the physiological state and productivity of chicken broilers in the period from 22 to 49 days. Due to the watering out of these solutions with the water, the preservation of the young was 90.8 %, which was 4.2 % higher than in the control group. During the experiment, the consumption of feed and water on the head in the control group was 3.79 kg and 9.74 L, where as in the experimental group these figures were 4.07 kg and 11.31 L, which was 7.4 and 16,1 % more than in the control group.The ratio of consumed water and consumed feed in the control group was 2.57: 1, while in the experimental group this indicator was 2.78: 1. The live weight 2687.2±48.43 g and the average daily gain of 54.8 g were (with P≤0.05) exceeding the control group's rates by 290.6 and 7.0 g, or by 12.4 % and 14.6 % respectively. The efficiency index in the experimental group was 252.8 units, which was 47.7 units more than the control group.The overall positive effect of producing solutions of potassium chloride and ascorbic acid for the above conditions to reduce thermal stress in the period of 22–49 days contributed to the profitability of growing broiler chickens at 6.8 %, which was 5.5 % higher than in the control group.
Key words: chicken broilers, thermal stress, preservation, productivity, potassium chloride, ascorbic acid.
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3315-35081. Baharev, A P. (2015). Produktivnye kachestva brojlerov v zavisimosti ot koncentracii uglekislogo gaza v ptichnike v holodnyj i perehodnyj periody goda:dis. … kand. s.-h. nauk: Sergiev Posad,[Productive qualities of broilers depending on the concentration of carbon dioxide in the house during the cold and transitional periods of the year: dissertation of the candidate of agriculture. Sciences: Sergiev Posad,]. 128 p. Available at:http://www.dslib.net/ texnologia-kormov/produktivnye-kachestva-brojlerov-v-zavisimosti-ot-koncentracii-uglekislogo-gaza-v.html.
2. Zabudskij, Yu.I., Golikova, A.P., Fedoseeva, N.A. (2012). Povyshenie termotolernatnosti selskohozyajstvennoj pticy s pomoshyu termotreninga v prenatalnyj period ontogeneza [Increase of the poultry's thermotoleration with the help of thermal training during the prenatal period of ontogenesis]. Agricultural biology. no. 4,pp. 14–21. Available at:http://www.stgau.ru/company/personal/user/7171/files/lib/Научно-обоснованные %20рекомендации.
3. Fisinin, V.I., Kavtarashvili, A.Sh., Kolokolnikova, T.N. (2015). Teplovoj stressu pticy Soobshhenie 1 [Heat stress in birds Message 1]. Opastnost', fiziologicheskie izmenenija v organizme, priznaki i projavlenija (obzor) [Hazard, physiological changes in the body, signs and symptoms (review)]. Agricultural biology. Vol. 50, no. 2, pp. 162–171. Available at: https://doi.org/10.15389/agrobiology.2015.2.162rus.
4. Ahmad, T., Khalid, T., Mushtaq, T.,Mirza, M.A.,Nadeem, A., Babar, M.E.,Ahmad, G. (2008). Effect of potassium chloride supplementation in drinking water on broiler performance under heat stress conditions. Poult. Sci. Vol. 87, pp. 1276–1280.Available at:https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2007-00299.
5. Ashraf, S., Zaneb, H., Yousaf, M.S.,Ijaz, A., Sohail, M.U.,Muti S.,Rehman H. (2013). Effect of dietary supplementation of prebiotics and probiotics on intestinal microarchitecture in broilers reared under cyclic heat stress. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. Vol. 97, pp. 68–73.Available at:https://doi: 10.1111 / jpn.12041.
6.Chen, Z., Zhang, J.R.,Zhou, Y.W.,Liang, C., Jiang, Y.Y.(2015). Effect of heat stress on the pituitary and testicular development of Wenchang chicks. Arch. Anim. Breed. Vol. 58, pp. 373–378.Available at:https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-373-2015.
7. Dai, S.F., Gao, F.,Xu, X.L.,Zhang, W.H.,Song, S.X.,Zhou, G.H. (2012). Effects of dietary glutamine and gamma-aminobutyric acid on meat colour, pH, composition and water-holding characteristic in broilers under cyclic heat stress. Br. Poult. Sci. Vol. 53, pp. 471–481. Available at:https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2012.719148.
8. Hao, Y., Gu, X.H., (2014). Effects of heat shock protein 90 expression on pectoralis major oxidation in broilers exposed to acute heat stress. Poult. Sci. Vol. 93, pp.1–9.Available at:https://doi: 10.3382 / ps.2014-03993.
9. Habibian, M., Ghazi, S., Moeini, M.M. (2016). Effects of dietary selenium and vitamin E on growth performance, meat yield and selenium content and lipid oxidation of breast meat of broilers reared under heat stress. Biol. Trace. Elem. Res. Vol. 169, pp. 142–152.Available at:https://doi: 10.1007 / s12011-015-0404-6.
10.Joiner, K.S., Hamlin, G.A.,Lien, R.J.,Bilgili, S.F. (2014). Evaluation of capillary and myofiber density in the pectoralis major muscles of rapidly growing, high- yield broiler chickens during increased heat stress. Avian. Dis. Vol. 58, pp. 377–382.Available at:https://doi.org/10.1637/10733-112513-Reg.1.
11. Jahanian, R., Rasouli, E. (2015). Dietary chromium methionine supplementation could alleviate immunosuppressive effects of heat stress in broiler chicks. J. Anim. Sci. Vol. 93, pp. 3355–3363. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/ S175173111 5000853.
12. Lei, L., Hepeng, L., Xianlei, L. (2013). Effects of acute heat stress on gene expression of brain-gut neuropeptides in broiler chickens. J Anim Sci.Vol. 91 (11), pp. 194–201.Available at: https://doi.org/10.2527 / jas.2013-6538.
13. Liu, H.W., Dong, X.F.,Tong, J.M.,Zhang, Q. (2010). Alfalfa polysaccharides improve the growth performance and antioxidant status of heat- stressed rabbits. Livest. Sci. Vol. 131, pp. 88–93. Available at:http://www.nal.usda.gov/.
14. Liu, L., Fu, C., Yan, M., Xie, H., Li, S., Yu, Q., He, J. (2016). Resveratrol modulates intestinal morphology and jejunal mucosa HSP70/90, NF-eB and EGF expression in black-boned chicken exposure to circular heat stress. Food. Funct. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1039/c5fo01338k.
15. Niu, Z.Y., Wei, F.X.,Liu, F.Z.,Qin, X.G.,Min, Y.N., Gao, Y.P. (2009). Dietary vitamin A can improve immune function in heat-stressed broilers. Anim. Vol. 3, pp. 1442–1448.Available at:https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731109990358.
16. Ohtsu, H., Yamazaki, M., Abe, H., Murakami, H., Toyomizu, M. (2015). Heat stress modulates cytokine gene expression in the spleen of broiler chickens. J. Poult. Sci. Vol. 52, pp. 282–287.Available at: https://doi.org/10.2141/ jpsa.0150062.
17. Pohjola, L., Rossow, L., Huovilainen, A.,Soveri, T., Hanninen, M.L.,Fredriksson-Ahomaa, M. (2015). Questionnaire study and postmortem findings in backyard chicken flocks in Finland. Acta Vet. Scand.Vol. 57, 3 p. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186 / s13028-015-0095-1.
18.Petracci, M., Mudalal, S.,Soglia, F., Cavani, C.(2015). Meat quality in fast-growing broiler chickens. World's Poult. Sci. J. Vol. 71, pp. 363–374. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1017 / S0043933915000367.
19. Sahin, K., Sahin, N., Kucuk, O. (2003). Effects of chromium and ascorbic acid supplementation on growth, carcass traits, serum metabolites and antioxidant status of broiler chickens reared at a high ambient temperature (32 °C). Nutr. Res. Vol. 23, pp. 225–238.Available at:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0271-5317(02)00513-4.
20. Sahin, N., Onderci, M.,Sahin, K., Cikim, G., Kucuk, O. (2005). Magnesium proteinate is more protective than magnesium oxide in heat-stressed quail. J. Nutr. Vol. 135, pp. 1732–1737.Available at:https://doi.org/10,1093 / Jn / 135.7.1732.
21. Sahin, K., Onderci, M., Sahin, N., Gursu, M.F.Khachik, F., Kucuk, O. (2006). Effects of lycopene supplementation on antioxidant status, oxidative stress, performance and carcass characteristics in heat-stressed Japanese quail. J. Therm. Biol. Vol. 31, pp. 307–312.Available at:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2005.12.006.
22.Sahin, N., Orhan, C.,Tuzcu, M., Sahin, K.,Kucuk, O. (2008). The effects of tomato powder supplementation on performance and lipid peroxidation in quail. Poult. Sci. Vol. 87, pp. 276–283. Available at:https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2007-00207.
23. Sahin, K., Orhan, C., Tuzcu, Z., Tuzcu, M., Sahin, N. (2012). Curcumin ameloriates heatstress via inhibition of oxidative stress and modulation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in quail. Food. Chem. Toxicol. Vol. 50, pp. 4035–4041.Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016 / j.fct.2012.08.029.
24. Seven, P.T. (2008). The effects of dietary Turkish propolis and vitamin C on performance, digestibility, egg production and egg quality in laying hens under different environmental temperatures. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. Vol. 21, pp. 1164–1170.Available at:https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2008.70605.
25. Tayeb Ihsan, Tawffiq. (2009). Evaluation of productive and physiological performance of broiler subjected to different methods to relieve heat stress. Ph.Dthesis, Animal Resources Dept. College of Agriculture and Forestry University of Mosul. Available at:https://doi.org/10.3382/japr.2007-00093.
26. Tuzcu, M., Sahin, N., Karatepe, M., Cikim, G., Kilinc, U., Sahin, K. (2008). Epigallocatechin-3-gallate supplementation can improve antioxidant status in stressed quail. Br. Poult. Sci. Vol. 49, pp. 643–648. Available at:https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00071660802298336
27. Tang, J., Chen, Z. (2015). The protective effect of y- aminobutyric acid on the development of immune function in chickens under heat stress. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn. 12385.
28. Zeferino, C.P., Komiyama, C.M.,Pelicia, V.C.,Fascina, V.B.,Aoyagi, M.M.,Coutinho, L.L.,Moura, A.S.A.M.T. (2016). Carcass and meat quality traits of chickens fed diets concurrently supplemented with vitamins C and E under constant heat stress. Anim. Vol.10, pp. 163–171.Available at: https://doi.org/10.1017 / S1751731115001998.
29. PSYERA. Gumanitarno pravovoj portal [Humanitarian legal portal]. Availableat:https://psyera.ru/koncepciya-stressa-g-sele–7517.htm
| Attachment | Size |
|---|---|
 karkach_1_2019.pdf | 408.27 KB |