You are here

Linear type traits that characterize body development as the predictors of lifetime of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy and Holstein cows

The researches were conducted in the aspect of studying the problem of dairy cows lifetime depending on the linear traits assessment of the conformation type. By the linear classification method were estimated firstborn cows of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy (UBWD) and Holstein (H) breeds. Descriptive traits of the conformation that characterize the overall body structure were studied: chest width, body depth, angularity, body condition, rear width and position. According to the research results, the relative variability of the descriptive type traits assessment with cow's lifetime was determined. The relative variability of chest width and cow's lifetime was curvilinear. Cows for chest width assessment of 4–7 score had a higher lifespan with a variability of 2704–2844 (UBWD) and 2688–2789 (H) days. The highest lifetime was in animals with an assessment for body depth development of 6-9 score with an unreliable predominance of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed cows, with the highest grades of both breeds 2824 (UBWD) and 2802 (H) days with an assessment of 9 score. Animals with an optimal angularity estimation of 5 score differed, lived the longest – 2842 (UBWD) and 2828 (H) days, while with increasing and decreasing score for this trait, the number of lifetime days of cows declined. According to the rump width assessment, lifespan was highest in cows with a 9 score – 2766 days (UBWD) and 2832 days (H). Cows of UBWD with the highest assessment for this body part development of 9 score were used on 592 (P <0.001), and Holstein on 708 (P <0.001) days longer compared to animals with 1 score. The maximum lifetime of animals with an average assessment for body condition of 5 score was 2842 (UBWD) and 2774 (H) days. Cows with body condition score below average lived and were used in the herd much longer than with a higher one. The degree of relationship variability between the assessment of these traits and the lifetime of animals depended on the specific body part.

Key words: Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed, Holstein, linear type traits, lifetime.

  1. Alphonsus, C., Akpa, G. N., Oni, O. O., Rekwot, P. I., Barje, P. P., and Yashim, S. M. (2010). Relationship of Linear Conformation Traits with Bodyweight, Body Condition Score and Milk yield in Friesian × Bunaji Cows. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 38 (1), pp. 97–100. DOI:10.1080/09712119.2010.9707164.
  2. Bashchenko, M. I., Khmelnychyi, L. M. (2007). Ways to improve the udder morphological traits. Animal breeding and genetics, issue 1, pp. 12–16, (in Ukrainian).
  3. Vinnychuk, D. T. (1970). Vyroshchuvannia i vidbir koriv dlia mashynnoho doinnia. [Breeding and selection of cows for machine milking]. K.: Harvest, 68 p.
  4. Hladii, M. V., Polupan, Yu. P., Bazyshyna, I. V., Bezrutchenko, I. M., Polupan, N. L. (2015). The relationship between the duration and effectiveness of cow's lifetime use with some traits of the firstborn. Animal breeding and genetics, issue 50, pp. 28–39. (in Ukrainian).
  5. Hnatiuk, S. I., Kovalenko, V. M. (2013). Influence of heredity on productive longevity indicators in animals different intrabreed types of Ukrainian Red dairy breed. Bulletin of SNAU. Animal husbandry, issue 7 (23), pp. 22–24. (in Ukrainian).
  6. Iogansson, I., Gravert, O. (1970). Genetics and breeding of pets. K.: Kolos, (in Ukrainian).
  7. Klopenko, N. I., Stavets'ka, R. V. (2015). Genetic determination of cow's economic use dairy direction of productivity by absorbing crossing. Technology of production and processing of animal husbandry products: a collection of scientific works of the Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University. Bila Tserkva, issue 1, pp. 23–28, (in Ukrainian).
  8. Ladyka, V. I., Khmelnychyi, L. M., Salohub, A. M. (2014). Correlative variability of the conformation body parts cows with milk productivity. A collection of scientific papers of the Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University, issue 3(72), pp. 9–11, (in Ukrainian).
  9. Ladyka, V. I., Khmelnychyi, L. M., Khmelnychyi, S. L. (2019). The influence of linear conformation traits that characterize the body condition on the viability cows of Ukrainian Brown dairy breed. Animal breeding and genetics, issue 58, pp. 120–129. DOI:10.31073/abg.58.16 (in Ukrainian).
  10. Ladyka, V. I., Khmelnychyi, S. L. (2017). Lifetime of cows Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed depending on the score level for linear type traits characterizing limbs condition. Animal Breeding and Genetics, issue 51, pp. 83–92, (in Ukrainian).
  11. Ladyka, V. I., Khmelnychyi, L. M., Burkat, V. P., Ruban, S. Yu. (2010). ICAR Registration: Reference book. Sumy: Sumy National Agrarian University, (in Ukrainian).
  12. Mel'nyk, Yu. F. (2000). Dependence of livestock productivity of Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breeds from hereditary and paratypical factors. Abstract of Ph.D. dissertation. Institute of Animals Breeding and Genetics nd. a. M.V.Zubets. Chubynske. (in Ukrainian).
  13. Blyznyuchenko, O.G. (2003). Biometrics: monograph. Poltava. Editorial and publishing department "Terra" of the Poltava State Agrarian Academy, 346 p, (in Ukrainian).
  14. Polupan, Yu. P. (2015). Genetic determination of the duration and effectiveness of lifetime use of Black-and-White dairy cattle. Animal breeding and genetics. Interdepartmental thematic scientific collection, issue 49, pp. 120–133, (in Ukrainian).
  15. Polupan, Yu. P. (2000). Efficiency of lifetime use of Red dairy cattle. Animal breeding and genetics, issue 33, pp. 97–105, (in Ukrainian).
  16. Sirokurov, V.M. (1974). Morphological udder features and suitability for machine milking of cows specialized dairy herds. Breeding and breeding biology of farm animals. K.: Harvest, issue 5, pp. 15–17, (in Ukrainian).
  17. Khmelnychyi, L. M. (20150. Estimation the conformation of animals in the breeding system of cattle. Ph.D. Thesis. Institute of Animals Breeding and Genetics nd. a. M. V. Zubets, Chubynske, (in Ukrainian)
  18. Khmelnychyi, L. M., Bardash, D. O. (2019). Indicators longevity of cows Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed depending on the share of inheritance Holstein breed. Bulletin of the Sumy NAU. Animal husbandry, issue 4(39), pp. 13–19, (in Ukrainian).
  19. Khmelnychyi, L. M., Vechorka, V. V. (2016). Effectiveness of genealogical formations influencing on the indicators of longevity and lifetime productivity cows of Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed. Bulletin of the Sumy NAU. Animal husbandry, issue 1 (29), pp. 3–10, (in Ukrainian).
  20. Khmelnychyi, L. M., Vechorka, V. V. (2017). Lifetime of cows Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed depending on the assessment of linear traits. Animal breeding and genetics, issue 53, pp. 197–208, (in Ukrainian).
  21. Khmelnychyi, L. M., Vechorka, V. V. (2017). Lifetime of cows Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed depending on the assessment level of conformation linear traits. Agrarian science and food technologies. Vinnytsia, issue 2 (96), pp. 249–258, (in Ukrainian).
  22. Khmelnychyi, L. M., Vechorka, V. V. (2015). Lifetime of cows Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed depending on linear assessment level of udder morphological traits. Scientific and theoretical collection of the Zhytomyr National Agroecological University, no. 2 (52), vol. 3, pp. 57–62, (in Ukrainian).
  23. Khmelnychyi, L. M., Vechorka, V. V. (2016). Influence of sires on productive longevity of cows Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed. Scientific and technical bulletin of BAT of biosafety and environmental control of agricultural resources. Dnipropetrovsk, no. 1, pp. 267–273, (in Ukrainian).
  24. Khmelnychyi, L. M., Vechorka, V. V. (2016). Influence of qualitative development morphological udder traits cows of Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed on their longevity. Agrarian science and food technologies. Vinnytsia, issue 1(91), pp. 211–219, (in Ukrainian).
  25. Khmelnychyi, L. M., Vechorka, V. V. (2015). Сorrelated variability of measurements and indices of body structure with milk yield of cows Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed. Animal breeding and genetics, issue 50, pp. 96–102, (in Ukrainian).
  26. Khmelnychyi, L. M., Loboda, V. P. (2014). Improvement of the herd on breeding of Ukrainian Red-andWhite Dairy breed by indicators of lifetime productivity. Bulletin of the Sumy National Agrarian University. Animal husbandry, issue 2(24), pp. 91–97, (in Ukrainian).
  27. Khmelnychyi, L. M., Ladyka, V. I., Polupan, Yu. P., Salohub, A. M. (2008). The method of linear classification cows of dairy and dairy-meat breeds by type, (in Ukrainian).
  28. Khmelnychyi, S. L., Povod, M. H., Samokhina, Ye. A. (2020). Productive longevity of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy cows depending on the Holstein sires inheritance. Bulletin of the Sumy National Agrarian University. Animal husbandry, issue 2(41), pp. 81–85.
  29. Battagin, M., Sartori, C., Biffani, S., Penasa, M. and Cassandro, M. 2013. Genetic parameters for body condition score, locomotion, angularity, and production traits in Italian Holstein cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 96 (8), pp. 5344–5351.
  30. Du Toit, J., Van Wyk, J. B., Maiwashe, A. (2012). Relationships between functional herd life and conformation traits in the South African Jersey breed. South African Journal of Animal Science (2013), 42 (1), pp. 47–54. DOI:10.4314/sajas.v42i1.6.
  31. García-Ruiz, A., Ruiz-López, F. J., VázquezPeláez, C. G., Valencia-Posadas, M. (2016). Impact of conformation traits on genetic evaluation of length of productive life of Holstein cattle. International Journal of Livestock Production, 7 (11). Available at:https://academicjournals.org/ journal/IJLP/article-full-text-pdf/338FE3860409.
  32. Imbayarwo-Chikosi, V. E., Dzama, K., Halimani, T. E., van Wyk, J. B., Maiwashe, A., Banga, C. B. Genetic prediction models and heritability estimates for functional longevity in dairy cattle. South African Journal of Animal Science, 2015, 45 (2), pp. 106–121.
  33. Jovanovac, S., Raguž, N. (2011). Analysis of the relationships between type traits and longevity in Croatian Simmental cattle using survival analysis. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus, 76 (3), pp. 249–253.
  34. Kadarmideen, H. N., Wegmann, S. Genetic parameters for body condition score and its relationship with type and production traits in Swiss Holsteins. J. Dairy Sci., 2003, 86 (11), pp. 3685–3693.
  35. Kern, E. L., Cobuci, J. A., Costa, C. N., McManus, C. M., Campos, G. S., Almeida, T. P., Campos, R. V. (2014). Genetic association between herd survival and linear type traits in Holstein cows under tropical conditions. Italian J. Animal Science, 13, 3419 p. DOI:10.4081/ijas.2014.3419.
  36. Kern, E. L., Cobuci, J. A., Costa, C. N., McManus, C. M., Braccini, N. J. Genetic association between longevity and linear type traits of Holstein cows. Scientia Agricola, 2015, 72 (3), pp. 203–209.
  37. Miglior, F., Muir, B. L., Van Doormaal, B. J. Selection indices in Holstein cattle of various countries. J. Dairy Sci., 2005, 88, pp.1255–1263.
  38. Vukasinovic, N., Schleppi, Y., Kunzi, N. Using conformation traits to improve reliability of genetic evaluation for herd life based on Survival Analysis. Journal of Dairy Science, 2002, 85, pp. 1556–1562. DOI:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74225-2.
  39. Zavadilová, L., Němcová, E., Štípková, M. (2011). Effect of type traits on functional longevity of Czech Holstein cows estimated from a Cox proportional hazards model. Journal of Dairy Science, 94 (8), pp. 4090–4099.
  40. Zavadilová, L., Štípková, M. (2012). Genetic correlations between longevity and conformation traits in the Czech Holstein population. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 57 (3), pp. 125–136.
  41. Zavadilová, L., Němcová, E., Štípková M., Bouška, J. Relationships between longevity and conformation traits in Czech Fleckvieh cows. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2009, 54 (9), pp. 387–394.
AttachmentSize
PDF icon khmelnychyi_1_2023.pdf642.16 KB