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Metabolism of Nitrogen in highly productive cows at first 100 days of lactation while feeding mixed legade com-plex of Cobalt

For today in the zone of Forest-steppe of Ukraine in forage of rations of highly productive cows feeding microelements are not enough that is why for their compensation a sulfate and chloride salts are used that through low absorption in the intestine form insoluble complexes, and that is why, digestion of microelements presents only 12–23,5 %, that assists the increase of their content in excrement, urine and results in environment pollution.
That is why studying of mixed legade complex of Cobalt which is a compound of vitamin В12 and is an activator of many enzymes and hormones and determining it’s optimal level for highly productive cows is topical especially at first 100 days of lactation.          
The objective of the research was studying the influence of mixed legade complex of Cobalt in the combination of Zinc sulphate, Copper and sodium selenite on the metabolism of protein in the organism of highly productive cows, that will help to identify the level of this element at the first 100 days of lactation.  
Scientific-economic experiment of studying different levels of mixed legade complex of Cobalt was conducted in “Terazino” Bila Tserkva district Kyiv region on milker cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White breed. To conduct investigation there was formed five groups of cows – 10 cows in each.    
Tested cows during preparation and test periods were fed by the same ration. The difference in the feeding was that during test period which lasted 80 days the cows from the control group were fed premix which contained sulphate of Zinc, Copper, Cobalt and sodium selenite and the cows from the tested groups – instead of sulphate of Cobalt were fed mixed legade complex of Cobalt. Tested cows received the same amount of pure Cobalt as the cows from the 1-st control group and the cows from the 3-d, 4-th and 5-th tested group respectively 74, 50 and 25 % from the quantity of Cobalt from the 2-d rested group.     
Control and tested cows consumed the same amount of Nitrogen – 291, 66 – 304, 58 g average daily. The amount of secreted Nitrogen in the cows of the 1-st group was 103,83 g, of the 2-d, 3-d, 4-th and 5-th tested groups this amount was less on 16,89; 39,56; 32,96; 12,17. In the result of this the amount of digested Nitrogen in the tested cows in compare with control groups increased respectively on 20,96; 52,48; 45,47 and 15,25 g.       
The efficiency of digested Nitrogen depends on the nature of intermediate metabolism. In our research the amount of Nitrogen secreted with urine of cows from the tested groups was more than from the control group, in the 2-d tested group on 14,82 g or 17,09 %, in the 3-d tested group on 28,45 g or 32,81 %, in the 4-th tested group on 36,59 g or 42,20 % and in the 5-th tested group on 12,16 g or 14,03 %. This was stipulated by the larger quantity of digested nitrogen.   
The best digestibility of Nitrogen in the tested groups assisted the increase of it’s transformation to the protein of milk of cows of tested groups. Thus cows of the 2-nd, 3-d, 4-th and 5-th tested groups secreted Nitrogen with milk daily in compare with control on 5,49; 12,18; 8,17 and 2,55 g more, that, presumably, was one of basic factors of increase milk productivity.
In spite of more intensive using of fodder Nitrogen to produce milk, the cows from the 2-nd, 3- d, 4-th and 5-th tested groups differed from the control group by it’s better accumulation in the body. Though the balance of Nitrogen was positive in the cows of all groups in the animals’ body of the 2-nd, 3-d, 4-th and 5-th tested groups in compare with the control group daily depositions of Nitrogen were higher on 0,65; 11,85; 0,71; and 0,54 g. In general productive use of Nitrogen on the deposition in the body synthesis of milk in the cows of tested groups were higher in compare with control on  6,14; 24,03; 8,88 і 3,09 g. It is proved by the indices. For example, if the amount of Nitrogen secreted with milk and deposited  in the body in according to generally consumed level of Nitrogen in the cows of the control group was 34,67 %, in the animals of the 2-nd, 3-d, 4-th and 5-th tested groups – 36,27; 41,09; 36,17 and 35,36 %. According to the general digested amount the part of Nitrogen deposited in the body and secreted with the milk in the animals of the control group was 53,84 % and in the tested groups – 47,15–52,08 %.          
Thus, analyzing the obtained experimental data, we consider that substituting of Cobalt by mixed legade complex in the ration of lactating cows by 100 %; 75 %; 50 %; and 25 % from a scarce amount in forage to the existent norms promoted positive influence on the function of liver, pancreas and glands of gastrointestinal tract, and also improved synthetic activity of microorganisms of rumen. It positively proved on digestibility of nutrients of ration, metabolism of Nitrogen and productivity of animals.
Key words: highly productive cows, mixed legade complex, chelate, sulfate of copper, Zinc, Manganese, Cobalt, Iodine and selenium, nitrogen, exchange.
E. Smetaninа


V. Bomko


KUZMENKO O.


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2015
BTF №2 2015